Malle's recent activity

  1. Comment on This video is six minutes long! in ~tech

    Malle
    Link
    I do not have the option to switch audio tracks. In the cogwheel menu I have quality speed captions stable volume copy debug info stats for nerds As well as closed captions and auto play.

    I do not have the option to switch audio tracks.

    In the cogwheel menu I have

    • quality
    • speed
    • captions
    • stable volume
    • copy debug info
    • stats for nerds

    As well as closed captions and auto play.

    5 votes

  2. Comment on Sweden is moving forward with plans to lower the age of criminal responsibility from 15 to 13 in serious cases as it grapples with a growing number of children recruited into gangs in ~society

    Malle
    Link Parent
    A little bit later than I hoped, but still. First, some general notes: I have no expectation that anyone should read that entire PDF, but the summary on the linked page felt relevant just to note...
    • Exemplary

    A little bit later than I hoped, but still.

    First, some general notes:

    • I have no expectation that anyone should read that entire PDF, but the summary on the linked page felt relevant just to note that they are attempting to change the criminal justice system to some extent beyond just the change mentioned in this topic.

    • For context, the current government is a right-wing government consisting of the Moderates (M), the Christian Democrats (KD), and the Liberals (L). It's a minority government with support from the nationalist / popoulist / far-right Sweden Democrats (SD). They have been in government since 30 November 2022. Before that was a more left-wing minority government consisting of the Social Democrats (S) and the Green Party (MP).

    • I am in no way an expert on this, I may very well be wrong on things.

    • I am writing this primarily in context of the punishment of people under the age of 18, which is the age of majority in Sweden (Swe: "myndighetsålder") and has been since 1974 (it used to be up to 21 years). As in (I suspect) most countries, it's not an all-or-nothing step, but this is when you're considered an adult, you can vote, your parents are no longer your legal guardians, etc.

    • The age of criminal responsibility has been 15 years since 1864.

    • Any translations are my own, to the best of my ability.

    As far as I understand it, this is the current state of affairs, which has been updated to some extent recently:

    21+, the "default"

    A person aged 21 or above can be tried in court and sentenced to jail with no particular considerations taken to age.

    18 - 20

    For people below the age of 21, special consideration is taken to their age during sentencing.

    First, when sentencing a person under the age of 21, their age shall be "considered in particular" during sentencing, and the court may give a milder sentence than what is prescribe for the crime. This is what I understand to be "ngdomsreduktionen" or "ungdomsrabatten" (literally: "youth reduction" or "youth rebate").

    An exception to this went into effect at the beginning of 2022, proposed and passed by by the previous government, where no special consideration is to be made if the person who committed the crime is 18 or older and (roughly speaking) the regular sentence for the crime would be 1 year in prison or more.[1][2]

    Second, currently, a person under the age of 18 can't be sentenced to more than 10 years in prison, except for crimes with lifetime imprisonment as part of the punishment, in which case they can be sentenced to up to 14 years in prison.

    This was previously a threshold of 21 years, and was changed to 18 at the same time as the change mentioned above.[1][2]

    15 - 17 and sealed youth care ("sluten ungdomsvård")

    Just like 18 - 20 year olds, the youth reduction applies, and it applied unconditionally as the exceptions are for people aged 18 or older.

    They shall also be sentenced to "sluten ungdomsvård" (lit: "closed/sealed youth care") instead of prison unless there are special circumstances (swe: "synnerliga skäl") to motivate it.

    I do not know what counts as special circumstances for this.

    The sentence can be from 14 days to 4 years and is administered by Statens institutionsstyrelse (Eng: uuhhh... "The State Institution Board"?). They manage currently 23 locations specifically for "sluten ungdomsvård", as well as locations for forced care of people with addiction.

    14 or younger

    People aged 14 or younger cannot be sentenced by a court. They are not criminally responsible. A court may still find the person guilty or innocent, but no sentence can be given. As far as I understand, this may very well be used as a basis for actions by the social services (Swe: "Socialtjänsten") to intervene.

    Without reading any specific proposal for a law change, changing only the age of criminal responsibility to 13 years instead of 15 years would make it so that people aged 13 and 14 can also be sentenced by a court, but just as for current 15 - 17 year olds, they should be sentenced to "sluten ungdomsvård" instead of prison unless in special circumstances.

    Addressing remarks

    Youth reduction

    Ungdomsreduktionen avskaffas helt för unga myndiga
    this bullet point translation by itself sounded alarming, I'm assuming Ungdomsreduktionen means a sort of sentencing reduction out of consideration for age.

    As described above, yes, but "myndig" here means "legal adult", as in 18 years or older, so this has nothing to do with sentencing minors.

    New law proposal rearding sealed youth care

    Den 6 november 2025 beslutade regeringen lagrådsremissen Frihetsberövande påföljder för barn och unga. I lagrådsremissen föreslås att barn och unga, i de fall en frihetsberövande påföljd inte kan undvikas, ska dömas till fängelse i stället för sluten ungdomsvård. Förslaget innebär att Kriminalvården blir ansvarig för verkställigheten och att sluten ungdomsvård utmönstras ur påföljdssystemet. Reformen föreslås i allt väsentligt träda i kraft den 1 juli 2026.

    On November 6, 2025, the government decided on the bill to the Council of Legislation regarding deprivation of liberty for children and youth. The proposal suggests that children and young people, in cases where a custodial sentence cannot be avoided, should be sentenced to prison instead of secure youth care. This proposal means that the Prison and Probation Service will be responsible for the implementation and that secure youth care will be removed from the penalty system. The reform is set to come into effect on July 1, 2026. (gpt-4o)

    so....straight to prison? Only for very serious crimes, right, that non serious child offenses still go to sluten ungdomsvård?

    This I had actually missed. The proposal[3] is only... 341 pages, great.

    The current law is Brottsbalken 32 kap. 5 §[4]

    5 § Har någon begått brott innan han eller hon fyllt arton år och finner rätten med tillämpning av 30 kap. att påföljden bör bestämmas till fängelse, skall den i stället bestämma påföljden till sluten ungdomsvård under viss tid. Detta gäller dock inte om det, med hänsyn till den tilltalades ålder vid lagföringen eller annan omständighet, finns särskilda skäl däremot.

    Rätten får bestämma tiden för sluten ungdomsvård till lägst fjorton dagar och högst fyra år.

    or in English

    If someone has committed a crime before they are 18 years old and the court finds with consideration of chapter 30 that the sentence should be prison, the court shall instead order sealed youth care for some duration. This does however not apply if, with consideration of the defendant's age at the time prosecution is initiated or other cirumstances, there are special reasons not to do so.

    Let's see what the proposal changes.

    It doesn't change that paragraph. Strange.

    Okay, it's referenced by Brottsbalken 30 kap. 5 §[5]

    The current text is

    För brott som någon har begått innan han eller hon fyllt arton år får rätten döma till fängelse endast om det finns synnerliga skäl. Att rätten då i första hand ska bestämma påföljden till sluten ungdomsvård i stället för fängelse framgår av 32 kap. 5 §.

    The suggested change is to remove the second sentence, which only really references the part I translated above, leaving only

    För brott som någon har begått innan han eller hon fyllt arton år får rätten döma till fängelse endast om det finns synnerliga skäl.

    which says

    For crimes which someone has committed before they are 18 years old, the court may only give a prison sentence if there are special concerns for it.

    I'm not sure if this is an oversight by them, or if I'm missing something, but in either case, it does not sound as if they are removing "sluten ungdomsvård" as the primary sentence for people below the age of 17.

    Okay. But they also write that

    I lagrådsremissen föreslår regeringen att barn och unga, i de fall en frihetsberövande påföljd inte kan undvikas, ska dömas till fängelse i stället för sluten ungdomsvård. Förslaget innebär att Kriminalvården blir ansvarig för verkställigheten och att sluten ungdomsvård utmönstras ur påföljdssystemet.

    That is

    In the Council on Legislation's proposal the government suggests that children and youths, in the cases where a freedom curtailing sentence cannot be avoided, shall be sentenced to prison instead of sealed youth care. The proposal means that the Prison and Probation Service shall be responsible for the execution of the sentence and that sealed youth care shall be removed as a sentence.

    So....

    Only for very serious crimes, right, that non serious child offenses still go to sluten ungdomsvård?

    Apparently no. Either prison, or no confinement.

    What were some of the criticisms of the sluten ungdomsvård?

    I haven't followed actual political debates on the topic, only news reporting, and couldn't say off the top of my head, but some quick googling indicates high recidivism rates (90%+)[6] and the facilities being targeted by gangs for recruitment.[7]

    The current state

    I would love to hear more about what's going on in Sweden and how the last round of gang crime prevention has worked so far; it sounds like a very serious problem for citizens and the government has a strong mandate to introduce relief urgently.

    I have not looked up any statistics, so I don't feel as if I can comment objectively, but from a subjective viewpoint I do feel as if people are in general distressed about it, if they follow news. Things that I can recall from the top of my head, we've had:

    • a murder of a man who worked at a restaurant and went out to see who was skulking outside, committed by a 15-year old and assisted by a 16-year old[8]
    • a triple homicide perpetrated in a central location during broad daylight during one of the biggest festivals of the year[9]
    • a 15-year old apprehended for arson and likely part of a wider network[10]
    • a 14-year-old who hired a 15-year old as a hitman for a murder[11]

    People skirting the age of criminal responsibility doing truly gruesome things.

    Personal reflections

    Something needs to change, but I don't think imprisonment as the only option for incarcerating children is a good way to go about it.

    I think that most of all we need to provide an environment - at school, at home, in public, and in whichever punishment system we use - where the gangs do not have the influence to recruit as much or as easily as they allegedly do now. This includes combating the gangs as well as improving the situation in these locations.

    We need to have a justice system and a society that incentivizes young people to not join gangs or commit crimes, and opens paths out of such environments.

    Do I know how to do this? No. But I do not want to go down the route of reverting our criminal justice system from one based on attempting to reform and rehabilitate, to one designed purely to punish. Perhaps it's a naïve point of view, but I am not ready to give that up yet.

    [1] https://www.regeringen.se/contentassets/3abfec3d2f344c808015a6dbabcd5332/prop-202122-17.pdf

    [2] https://svenskforfattningssamling.se/sites/default/files/sfs/2021-11/SFS2021-1103.pdf

    [3] https://www.regeringen.se/contentassets/94135e96be9b4dea929d147022816b8e/frihetsberovande-pafoljder-for-barn-och-unga.pdf

    [4] https://lagen.nu/1962:700#K32P5

    [5] https://lagen.nu/1962:700#K30P5S1

    [6] https://www.svt.se/nyheter/inrikes/nio-av-tio-gangkriminella-aterfaller-i-brott

    [7] https://www.tv4.se/artikel/3cOosE6mDiiw5iWtUVMl87/sa-rekryteras-unga-pa-hvb-hem-av-gaengen-stort-misslyckande

    [8] https://www.svt.se/nyheter/lokalt/uppsala/15-aring-skot-ihjal-smabarnspappan-doms-for-mord

    [9] https://www.svt.se/nyheter/lokalt/uppsala/trippelmordet-i-uppsala-det-har-har-hant

    [10] https://www.svt.se/nyheter/lokalt/helsingborg/15-aring-haktad-for-mordbrand-i-angelholm

    [11] https://www.svt.se/nyheter/lokalt/vast/14-arige-krokodilen-bestallde-mord-av-15-aring-pa-krypterad-app

    8 votes

  3. Comment on Sweden is moving forward with plans to lower the age of criminal responsibility from 15 to 13 in serious cases as it grapples with a growing number of children recruited into gangs in ~society

    Malle
    Link Parent
    If i have some spare time over the weekend, I'll try to read through things more properly and see if I can provide some additional context or translations. On my phone right now, which isn't great...

    If i have some spare time over the weekend, I'll try to read through things more properly and see if I can provide some additional context or translations. On my phone right now, which isn't great for it.

    Edit just to add:

    My strong bias is that this is often something a Conservative voter would call for in North America / Asia, with main aims to punish and incarcerate and hold responsible, in the views that aiming to rehabilitate and considerations granted based on circumstances is being "soft of crime" and the cause of crime / repeat offences.

    I don't think this is inaccurate here either. The current government is (Swedish) right-wing with parliamentary support from the nationalist / populist / far-right Sweden Democrats.

    7 votes

  4. Comment on Sweden is moving forward with plans to lower the age of criminal responsibility from 15 to 13 in serious cases as it grapples with a growing number of children recruited into gangs in ~society

    Malle
    Link Parent
    How up-to-date are you with recent proposed or implemented Swedish criminal law reforms, or with existing treatment of criminals under the ages of 21 in Sweden? Whatever I may think of all of...

    How up-to-date are you with recent proposed or implemented Swedish criminal law reforms, or with existing treatment of criminals under the ages of 21 in Sweden?

    Whatever I may think of all of this, they are definitely proposing other things as well.

    Prison time for a lot of related crimes are proposed to be increased significantly. If they're done in a gang or organized crime context, they propose that they should be doubled on top of that. regeringen.se

    Since 2023, it's also a specific crime on its own to involve people under the age of 18 in crime

    For context, from the age of 15 you are already "straffmyndig", i.e. you may be tried in court and sentenced. Below the age of 21, there are considerations the courts make based on your age and your crime, essentially saying "you would be sentenced to prison, but in consideration of your age, we instead sentence you to x".

    There are various levels of alternative sentences like that for people under the age of 21, most relevantly including "prison-like" sentences administered by the social services called "sluten ungdomsvård" (literally: confined youth care).

    These punishments however are still alternative measurements that can be taken specifically when someone would be sentenced by a court. People under the age of 15 cannot be sentenced by a court under current law, and as such cannot have these alternative sentences instead. They can be tried in court to establish guilt, but no sentence will be given. Social services may act on it, but the social services are not allowed to enforce these actions on someone.

    If I understand it correctly, by extending the age range down to 13 years, this enables courts to sentence people that young to prison, and by extension to these alternative sentences.

    Admittedly, the discourse absolutely seems to focus on putting them in prison, not exactly framing it as "this allows us to put them in specialized care", so I'm not exactly hopeful that that is the intent.

    (sources in Swedish, because I couldn't find English reporting on it with a very quick googling)

    16 votes

  5. Comment on Who’s playing Blood on the Clocktower? in ~games.tabletop

    Malle
    Link Parent
    As someone who is not a very social person, and is not especially easygoing in groups, I still love the game, even if it can be extremely exhausting for me to play it. I've liked social deduction...

    So yeah, if you're a social person and easygoing in groups, it's an amazing game. If not, this game is not for you.

    As someone who is not a very social person, and is not especially easygoing in groups, I still love the game, even if it can be extremely exhausting for me to play it.

    I've liked social deduction games for a long time, but it's as part of a wider interest in... I don't really know what to call it. Information fidelity? There's something in the game of analysing a puzzle of partially contradicting information, which sources of information are reliable, and managing trust and vulnerability, that I just find intriguing. And while I dislike lying in general, I find that doing it and observing it under accepted circumstances is fascinating.

    5 votes

  6. Comment on Who’s playing Blood on the Clocktower? in ~games.tabletop

    Malle
    (edited )
    Link
    I've played north of 300 games online, and have played somewhere around 15 games in person. Started early this year, had a high-intensity period for some months, then started slowing down. Used to...

    I've played north of 300 games online, and have played somewhere around 15 games in person. Started early this year, had a high-intensity period for some months, then started slowing down. Used to play most days in public games. Now it's maybe once a week, and almost exclusively in private games.

  7. Comment on Is there a sane way to use Git as a glorified sync tool? in ~tech

    Malle
    Link Parent
    If it is something along these lines you're looking for, I also found Git Auto Sync. It would automate both pushing and pulling, but works on a 10 minute interval instead of immediately when saving.

    If it is something along these lines you're looking for, I also found Git Auto Sync. It would automate both pushing and pulling, but works on a 10 minute interval instead of immediately when saving.

    GitAutoSync is a simple command line program to automatically commit changes to your git repo, and always keep that repo up to date. This way you can use any editor with your text files, and never need to worry about comitting and remembering to push and pull changes.

    2 votes

  8. Comment on Visualising how AI training avoids getting stuck in local minima in ~comp

    Malle
    Link Parent
    The additional condition may be more difficult to fulfill, but it also means there's an additional dimension contributing to the size of the domain meaning there are more opportunities for minima....

    The additional condition may be more difficult to fulfill, but it also means there's an additional dimension contributing to the size of the domain meaning there are more opportunities for minima.

    For any generic function, I'm not certain we should trust loose arguments for what the number of local minima trend toward; or rather, what fraction of the domain belong to the "collection basin" of the global minimum (if one exists).

    Specifically for a loss function like the one described here, it might be true, or likely. However, seeing the "landscape" transform is not a guarantee of having found a global minimum, just that the minimum associated with the starting point is not in the projected plane.

    4 votes

  9. Comment on Are there more chairs than tables? in ~life

    Malle
    Link Parent
    Reading through the comments they now count cyclohexane chair conformations as chairs, counting them as 10^33 chairs (even if the comment that convinced them indicates it should be at least...

    Reading through the comments they now count cyclohexane chair conformations as chairs, counting them as 10^33 chairs (even if the comment that convinced them indicates it should be at least 10^39?).

    Some quick googling indicates total computer storage in the world is in the zettabyte range, so less than 10^24 bytes. Even if every single bit was a table, that estimate would need to be off by at least 8 orders of magnitude for digital tables to contest it.

    5 votes

  10. Comment on New Hampshire becomes first state in US to sign Bitcoin reserve bill into law in ~society

    Malle
    Link Parent
    I made no comment on Bitcoin, neither in regard to its energy expenditure on its own, nor in comparison to the energy expenditure of gold. It may absolutely use more energy than gold mining, but...

    I made no comment on Bitcoin, neither in regard to its energy expenditure on its own, nor in comparison to the energy expenditure of gold. It may absolutely use more energy than gold mining, but you said with what seemed to me a very certain attitude that gold mining did not use that much energy, and you seem now to deflect from that when this was pointed out as likely false.

    I am far from a Bitcoin apologist or maximalist, you'd probably not even call me an advocate for it, but I think the general level of discourse in opposition of it tends to be absolutely abysmal, even here on Tildes.

  11. Comment on New Hampshire becomes first state in US to sign Bitcoin reserve bill into law in ~society

    Malle
    Link Parent
    The energy expenditure to mine gold is approximately 130 GJ/kg.1 The amount of gold mined at the time of the above data (2021) was roughly 3000 metric tons per year.2 This puts the total energy...

    The energy expenditure to mine gold is approximately 130 GJ/kg.1

    The amount of gold mined at the time of the above data (2021) was roughly 3000 metric tons per year.2

    This puts the total energy expenditure for gold mining in 2021 at approximately 390 PJ, or 108 TWh per year.

    If we compare against electricity (not energy) consumption, this puts gold mining as the 38th country, between Algeria and the Philippines.3

    If we compare against total energy expenditure, it is about the same as Sri Lanka.4,5

    1. According to a study by the Coalition for Eco Efficient Comminution on mining energy consumption in 2021 (pdf)

    Based on the literature survey and reviewed data, average overall energy consumption for the mines was found to be approximately 130 GJ/kg of gold production. This is the final energy consumption in gigajoules—and includes both diesel and electricity.

    1. https://agincourtresources.com/2023/01/18/2021-worlds-largest-producers-of-gold-by-country/

    2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_electricity_consumption

    3. https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/energy-consumption-by-country

    4. https://ourworldindata.org/energy/country/sri-lanka#how-much-energy-does-the-country-consume-each-year

  12. Comment on Anyone sucessfully self-hosted Tildes instance? in ~tildes

  13. Comment on Jet Lag: Schengen Showdown | Trailer in ~hobbies

    Malle
    Link Parent
    Consider the following Only one of them is blindfolded, the other may hand them one piece at a time. I don't think the colours would be much of an issue. In particular, since the multi-coloured...
    Consider the following

    Only one of them is blindfolded, the other may hand them one piece at a time. I don't think the colours would be much of an issue. In particular, since the multi-coloured one had straight lines of colours, the guiding needed to assemble those parts should be minimal. Piece count might still make it difficult.

    If going for something else, I think aiming for something with many small separate pieces may help? Depending on what counts as a set, you could be cheeky with the 2024 advent calendar, or less cheeky with the Construction trucks and wrecking ball crane set.

    4 votes

  14. Comment on An engineer says he’s found a way to overcome Earth’s gravity in ~space

    Malle
    Link Parent
    just a bit over 15 years ago, released on December 28th, 2009 (noise)

    xkcd had a comic a while back that has a good visualization.

    just a bit over 15 years ago, released on December 28th, 2009
    (noise)

    7 votes

  15. Comment on Jet Lag: Schengen Showdown | Trailer in ~hobbies

    Malle
    Link Parent
    Having listened to The Layover, I am confident I understand how it works in general, and that this is a short way to describe it: An unclaimed country becomes claimed when entered*. A claimed...

    Having listened to The Layover, I am confident I understand how it works in general, and that this is a short way to describe it:

    An unclaimed country becomes claimed when entered*.

    A claimed country switches to the other team if and only if the other team is the first team to succeed in the challenge in that country.**

    Each team may only attempt the challenge in each country once. They can do so regardless of who has claimed it. Both teams may be attempting the challenge at the same time.

    You do not need to inform the other team that you've started a challenge. However, as soon as you succeed or fail a challenge, you must inform the other team.

    *If a team is travelling on the ground on an unclaimed country, they claim but do not lock that country. For trains, buses, etc. this is as soon as you cross the border. For flights, you count the time when wheels hit the ground. Landing as part of switching to a connecting flight on a longer purchased trip does not count.

    ** This means that as soon as either team succeeds on a challenge in a country, it is under their control and will remain so for the rest of the game. The other team gets nothing if they succeed on the challenge in that country at a later point, so there's no reason for them to start or continue that challenge.

    3 votes

  16. Comment on Jet Lag: Hide + Seek Japan | Trailer in ~hobbies

    Malle
    Link Parent
    It's in your PMs now. That's my last one, enjoy the show everyone!

    It's in your PMs now. That's my last one, enjoy the show everyone!

    1 vote

  17. Comment on Jet Lag: Hide + Seek Japan | Trailer in ~hobbies

    Malle
    Link Parent
    It's in your PMs now. I have one more to give out.

    It's in your PMs now. I have one more to give out.

    2 votes

  18. Comment on Jet Lag: Hide + Seek Japan | Trailer in ~hobbies

    Malle
    Link Parent
    You're literally the only one who has asked so far haha. Check your PMs for the code.

    You're literally the only one who has asked so far haha. Check your PMs for the code.

    2 votes

  19. Comment on Jet Lag: Hide + Seek Japan | Trailer in ~hobbies

    Malle
    Link Parent
    Seems like no, unfortunately. https://blog.nebula.tv/guest-passes/

    Seems like no, unfortunately.

    These guest passes can be sent to anyone you like, as long as they’re a new subscriber. [...] They’ll be able to sign up — no payment info required — download our apps, and watch as much as they want for that week, to check out your recommendations and to see what else we have going on.

    https://blog.nebula.tv/guest-passes/

    1 vote

  20. Comment on Starting a community-maintained Tildes source code fork in ~tildes

    Malle
    (edited )
    Link Parent
    I like approximately tildes, not as a name really but purely because it could be stylized as ≈ to parallell ~ It's would also be a funny acknowledgement that the different groups aren't always...

    I like approximately tildes, not as a name really but purely because it could be stylized as ≈ to parallell ~

    It's would also be a funny acknowledgement that the different groups aren't always 100% clear cut what they include.

    EDIT: I guess ≈ is technically also a very very small community of tildes. Just the two of them.

    8 votes